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生理和信仰的冲突:月经的宗教禁忌

我知道讨论这类传统会很难,但是,如果我们不能正确认识它们,歧视就会永远存在。
Netherlands, Western Europe

Story by Shakila Dhauntal. Translated by Lina Bell
Published on July 18, 2022.

This story is also available in GB es



在历史的长河中,大部分宗教都或多或少地将女性的经期排除在外,并把来月经视为“不洁”的行为。[1] 去年,我在网飞上看了一部关于印度被污名化的月经的纪录片。在片中,一个印度女性走进寺庙,说出了一个我深感共鸣的疑惑:“我们日日参拜的女神也是和我们一样的女人,所以我不明白为什么不让处于经期的女性进入寺庙。”[2]

在月经期间,我被排除在宗教活动之外

 

我遇到过两种关于月经的禁令:经期的女性不能进入寺庙,不能参加宗教仪式。有些地方的女性在月经期间不能做饭、洗澡、触摸她们的丈夫,甚至不能住在她们自己的房子里,因为有些人相信经期的女人会带来恶魔。这些关于经期的戒律让女性感到艰难和不适,它们模糊了私生活和公共事务的界限,并且暴露出一系列问题,包括性别不平等、阶级和权力边界的问题。比如说,如果一个女性没有帮忙准备宗教仪式,大家就会推测她应该是来月经了。这就将女性置于一种尴尬的境地,因为她没有权力来决定要不要将此事保密。很有趣的是,女性们会很委婉地说:“我帮不了忙”,其实她们可以帮忙,只是她们不被允许来帮忙。女性的身体可以被定义为纯洁或者不洁,这揭示了男女之间的不平等关系。女人是脏的,而男人是干净的、纯洁的。

作为一个生活在荷兰的苏里南-印度社区中的印度人,我在月经期间不能参加任何宗教活动。几年后,我报名参加了印度传统舞蹈的课程。在上课的时候我遇到各个年龄段的女性,在和她们的交流过程中,我开始反思“不洁”这个概念。我和支持或反对此概念的女性都有过讨论。如果地上有一条线,你身边的人不断地告诉你这条线不可跨越,那么你终其一生都不会越过这条线,即使它已经看不清了。在交流的过程中,我认识到,羞耻是我们后天学到的一种情感,而女性不应该为自己的生理功能感到耻辱。

我们不应该教给女孩要为什么感到耻辱

 

月经是展现了女性身体活力的正常生理过程,是人类生殖系统的一部分,没有月经,人们无法继续繁衍后代。仅凭月经就将女人排除在正常的生活和宗教活动之外,并且对男性并没有相应的“纯洁”要求,这是很不合理的。我知道讨论这类传统会很难,但是,如果我们不能正确认识它们,歧视就会永远存在。这种习俗需要改变。

若想了解更多关于月经禁忌的信息,您可以继续阅读Chandra BhadraPabita Timilshina 关于尼泊尔的“不可触碰”的性别的故事。


[1] Bhartiya, A. (2013). Menstruation, religion and society. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 3(6), 523.

[2] Netflix. (2020) Period. End of Sentence.


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Shakila Dhauntal

Shakila Dhauntal

Shakila has finished her studies in BA International Studies and MSc Public Administration. She has visited more than thirty countries over the world from Cuba to China and has lived in Dubai. Shakila is passionate about international development challenges regarding poverty, education, food production, and women empowerment. In these areas, she likes to contribute to creating opportunities that help people to grow and flourish. In line with her creative nature, she dances Kathak (Indian classical dance) and hip-hop, loves to paint, and works on improving her photography skills in her free time. Oh, and she loves bonding over food with friends and family. Read more from Shakila on her blog, Our Shakti

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