无性别卫生间:我们的‘安全区’被夺走了吗?

在遇到歧视、骚扰和针对胸部和阴道的攻击时,他们瞄准的是你的身体。
Belize, Central America

Story by Robin Schaffer. Translated by Lina Bell
Published on April 21, 2023.

This story is also available in GB it



警告:本文中包含针对女性的性暴力描写。

某一天我去大学楼里的卫生间时,发现门上的标志从“男”和“女”换成了“性别中立”和“性别中立(含小便池)”。这种变化并不是只在英国发生。最近几年,许多国家【1】都在设置无性别卫生间和性别中立卫生间。跨性别人群不会认同自己的性别是“男性”或者“女性”,因此,为了对抗骚扰,跨性别社群是推动上述改变的主要力量。

起初,这种变化不会打扰到我。其实我很支持这种改变。但是有一天我去卫生间里找卫生棉条时,一个男人正站在那里洗手。我感觉很紧张,回忆起了我12岁时在伯利兹遇到的一次卫生间尴尬事件。我不想在有男性的卫生间里拿出月经用品,这种失去安全区的感觉让我很不舒服。

然而,对于这种问题,有些人却告诉我“发展中国家的问题不会发生在英国的”。 可能我过度警惕了,在我的家乡,我很小的时候就学会了分辨他人的攻击行为,那时候我甚至还没有到穿着白色校服会被人吹口哨的年纪。我需要一个安全区,也许这个要求在英国是有点不合理了,这里毕竟是曾经的庞大帝国【2】遗留下来的小角落。但是骚扰行为依然很严重,这种为了社会性别无视生理性别的趋势让我感到很危险【3】

在伯利兹,我从来没有想过社会性别和生理性别可以区分开来。经过社会观念的长期强调和巩固,社会性别和生理性别一直紧密联系在一起。生活中处处是男/女的二元性别:比如在活动分小组,划分卫生间,和上性教育课程的时候。教生活技能的时候,女生学习缝纫,男生学习木工。我们穿的制服也是不一样的。
对于女生来讲,人们总是很注重她的纯洁。而对于男生,人们则倾向于鼓励他产生男子气概。人们常用一些生理因素来解读很多类似的性别观念。比如说,女性会怀孕,而且更容易受到某些伤害。而如果男性不够坚强,他们也无法保护自己和家人。
在我的成长过程中,我很自然地接受着这些性别观念,因为没发生过什么和我的世界观产生冲突的事。后来,七年之前我搬离了伯利兹,然后我对社会性别和生理性别的观念受到了一些冲击。
我知道伯利兹有个女生,她被一个很受欢迎的同学下药迷奸了。但是她选择责备自己,怪自己为什么会遭遇这种事,为什么看起来很容易得手,为什么喝了那杯饮料,为什么穿了当时那件衣服,然后她将此事深埋心底,在接下来的几周里还微笑着面对强奸犯,以免自己显得太过粗鲁。她没有报警。我也知道有个女性在公众场合被强奸了,但是她的家人说这都怪她穿超短裙出去,她也没有报警。
是的,这正是在伯利兹发生的事。但这并不仅是“发展中国家”的问题。这是全世界女性共同面对的问题【4】。我不能理解人们怎么能忽视生理上的区别,因为在遇到歧视、骚扰和针对胸部和阴道的攻击时,他们瞄准的是你的身体。
我认为我们应当对诸如设立性别中立厕所的规定更谨慎些。我们也应当承认,很不幸的是,对于很多女性来说,女卫生间依然是一个不可或缺的安全区。


Footnotes

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unisex_public_toilet

[2] 伯利兹在1862-1964年间是英国的殖民地,后来在1981年独立。

[3] 生理性别指的是以生殖器官的属性来区分的男女二元性别,社会性别指的是根据生理性别在社会行为中表现出的角色和性格。

[4] https://www.one.org/us/blog/7-barriers-to-girls-education-you-need-to-know/ 


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Robin Schaffer

Robin Schaffer

Hi there, I'm Robin Schaffer, an MSc Education graduate who has now returned to her home country Belize to work as Program Development and Communications Coordinator at the Ministry of Human Development.

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